References
Introduction to Dualem instruments
DUALEM instruments measure terrain conductivity, detect shallowly buried objects of high conductivity and, in special conditions, measure the magnetic susceptibility of terrain.
The manual contains instructions for operating DUALEM Serial Number 0, in configurations with either 2-m (DUALEM-2) or 4-m (DUALEM-4) separation between its transmitter and receivers.
DUUPLOAD is a program that formats and transfers data from the internal memory of a DUALEM sensor via an RS-232 port to a Windows computer. The current version is 5.0.
The test is useful for perpendicular (PRP) arrays of any length; for horizontal coplanar (HCP) arrays the height of the test should be at least twice the length of the longest HCP array. Thus, the test is most popular for the DUALEM-1S and DUALEM-1HS.
DUALEM sensors beginning with serial number (SN) 118, and SN116, incorporate Class 2 Bluetooth (BT) hardware to communicate wirelessly using the BT-firmware Serial Port Profile (SPP).
A bibliography of papers relevant to DUALEM instruments.
A glossary of geophysical terms commonly used with DUALEM instruments.
Numeric codes for the Earth Datums useable with the GPS receivers internal to DUALEM instruments.
The suitability of the DUALEM-1S for metal detection, and its compatibility with a magnetometer.
Practical suggestions and some examples of equipment for surveying large areas with a motor vehicle and GPS.
Description of the use of Termite, a freeware serial port program for use with Windows.
Case Studies
Introduction, examples and a simulation of surveying with a 4-m DUALEM with multiple arrays.
Mapping sites of environmental contamination with a dual-geometry electromagnetic (EM) system.
Profiling the depth and conductivity of a landfill plume.
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Compatibility
Compatibility Tests for the DUALEM-1S and Noggin SmartCart* GPR
Layering analysis to 10m Depth
Multi-geometry EM Sounding of a Freshwater Lagoon.
Levee imaging with a DUALEM-642S and GPR.
DUALEM-421 measurements over a 30″ steel pipeline buried below 1m.
Monitoring a failed septic field with DUALEM-2 conductivity.
Theory
Electromagnetic Induction: Operation and Interpretation, especially at Low Induction Numbers.
A history of the development and applications of geometric-sounding EM instruments.
Analysis of conductive layering by vertical sounding.
Dualem Products
DUALEM products are used by companies and universities on every continent. Our products fulfill a variety of use-cases in industry and academia.